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由中国建筑科学研究院居住建筑与设备研究所等单位承担的研究项目“中国城市小康住宅研究”,已取得重大成果,并已进入成果推广阶段。据该项研究,今后我国城市住宅的设计将充分根据人们居住行为以及居住模式来布局,既考虑居住性又考虑舒适性和安全性。做到公私部分分离、食宿分离、居寝分离。住宅的设备和设施水平将有较大的提高。特别是住宅的“心脏”部位——厨房和卫生间,除了扩大面积外,还将根据炊事行为和人们生理卫生习惯,合理布置各种设施。考虑到下个世纪各种家用电器设备会大量增加,因此,要充分利用住宅的平面和空间,合理布置各种设备。各种管道布局的合理化,也是住宅设计师考虑的重要课题。 与此同时,国家建设部也提出了小康住宅新标准,最近对我国在本世纪末实现小康居住目标提出了新的要求,小康住宅充分考虑2000年国家经济水平和中等收入居民预期可接受的水平,要以能够达到国际上常用的文明居住条件为标准,共10点。 (1)套形面积稍大,配置合理,有较大的起居、炊事、贮藏空间。 (2)平面布局合理,体现公私分离、食寝分离、居寝分离的原则,并为住户留有装修改造余地。
The research project “Research on Chinese Urban Comfortable Houses” undertaken by the Institute of Housing Construction and Equipment, Chinese Academy of Building Research, has achieved significant results and has entered the promotion stage of achievements. According to the study, the design of urban housing in China will be based on people’s living behavior and living patterns. This will not only consider residential property but also comfort and safety. To achieve the separation of public and private parts, accommodation and separation, separation of residence and residence. The level of equipment and facilities in residential buildings will be greatly improved. In particular, the “heart” of the house, the kitchen and the bathroom, will not only expand the area, but also rationally arrange various facilities according to the accidental behavior and people’s physiological and health habits. Considering that a large number of various household appliances will be added in the next century, it is necessary to make full use of the plane and space of the residence and rationally arrange various equipment. The rationalization of various pipeline layouts is also an important topic for residential designers to consider. At the same time, the Ministry of Construction has also proposed a new standard for well-to-do housing, and recently put forward new requirements for China to achieve the goal of a well-off living by the end of the century. The well-to-do housing fully takes into account the national economic level and the expected level of acceptable middle-income residents in 2000. To meet the standard of civilized living conditions commonly used in the world, a total of 10 points. (1) The shape of the sleeve is slightly larger and the configuration is reasonable. There is a large space for living, cooking, and storage. (2) Plane layout is reasonable, reflecting the principles of separation of public and private sectors, separation of food and aquaculture, and separation of residence and residence, and leaving room for renovation for residents.