“文化大革命”前几年,文化界即开始受到毛泽东的批评。许多以历史为题材创作的小说、电影、戏剧纷纷遭到批判,帝王将相更不能在新作品中占有位置。然而,姚雪垠的《李自成》正是逆着当时的思潮创作的,书中第一卷一开始就写崇祯皇帝这个令人难忘的悲剧人物,在第一个单元中就写出后妃、宫女、太监、文武大臣等等。毛泽东所批评的“帝王将相、才子佳人”,书中全写了,还写了封建社会的高级知识分子牛金星等。按照常理讲,《李自成》同当时的形势相悖,应当视为“大毒草”。然而,世界上有些事往往出乎人们的预料,意想不到的事情总是会出现。 众所周知,“文化大革命”一开始,批判“资产阶级文艺路线”首当其冲。恰在这时,毛泽东怀着极大的 A few years before the “Cultural Revolution”, the cultural community began to be criticized by Mao Zedong. Many of the novels, movies and plays created with historical themes have been criticized, and the imperial court will not be able to occupy a place in new works. However, Yao Xueyin’s “Li Zicheng” was created against the current trend of thought. The memorable tragic figure of Chongzhen Emperor was written in the first volume of the book. In the first unit, he wrote the concubine and the palace girl , Eunuchs, civil and military ministers and so on. Mao Zedong criticized the “emperor will phase, brilliant son,” the book is fully written, but also wrote a senior feudal society, Niu Jinxing and other intellectuals. According to common sense, “Li Zicheng” runs counter to the situation at the time, and should be regarded as “poisonous grass.” However, some things in the world are often beyond people’s expectations, unexpected things always appear. As everyone knows, from the very beginning of the “Cultural Revolution”, the first criticism of the “bourgeois literature and art line” came first. Just then, Mao Zedong with great