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目的：探讨日本血吸虫感染中循环抗原动态变化及其机制。方法：感染日本血吸虫的ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠淋巴结Ｂ细胞和小鼠骨髓瘤细胞（ＳＰ２／０株）融合，制备抗血吸虫循环抗原不同表位的单克隆抗体组合后为探针，检测日本血吸虫病患者和正常人血清；晚期血吸虫病患者脾血和外周血；感染日本血吸虫兔和小鼠的门脉血和外周血。结果：获得９种抗日本血吸虫单克隆抗体，将其中抗不同抗原表位的单抗优化组合后使用，检测抗原的敏感性可提高４－８倍。用组合单抗建立的夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ和ｄｏｔ－ＥＬＩＳＡ检测慢性血吸虫病的敏感性分别为７４％和８４．２％，特异性分别为９６．１％和９５．７％。通过小鼠和家兔门脉血和外周血以及人的脾血和外周血循环抗原的比较研究表明，门脉血中的抗原水平明显高于外周血。结论：用组合单抗较用一种单抗提高检出率。ｄｏｔ－ＥＬＩＳＡ检测的不仅是循环抗原，同时还检测到免疫复合物，因此影响疗效考核。
Objective: To investigate the dynamic changes of circulating antigen in Schistosoma japonicum infection and its mechanism. Methods: B lymphocytes of BALB / c mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum were fused with mouse myeloma cells (SP2 / 0 strain) to prepare monoclonal antibodies against different epitopes of circulating antigens of Schistosoma japonicum as probes to detect Schistosoma japonicum Patient and normal serum; splenic and peripheral blood in patients with advanced schistosomiasis; portal and peripheral blood infected with Schistosoma japonicum in rabbits and mice. Results: Nine monoclonal antibodies against Schistosoma japonicum were obtained, and the monoclonal antibodies against different epitopes were optimally combined for use. The sensitivity of detecting antigens could be increased by 4-8 times. The sandwich ELISA and dot-ELISA established by the combination mAb showed sensitivity of 74% and 84.2% for the detection of chronic schistosomiasis, the specificity was 96.1% and 95.7% respectively. A comparative study of portal blood and peripheral blood as well as human spleen and peripheral blood circulating antigens in mice and rabbits showed that the level of antigen in portal blood was significantly higher than that in peripheral blood. Conclusion: Monoclonal antibody is more effective than monobactin in detection. Dot-ELISA not only detects circulating antigens, but also detects immune complexes, thus affecting efficacy assessment.