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礼貌,是人际交往的基本规范,所谓“人无礼则不生,事无礼则不成,国无礼则不宁”。为了营造和谐环境,更好地沟通交流,顺利实现交往目的,古往今来,人们都很看重礼貌的作用,为人处世都努力做到以礼相待。同时,人们还对礼貌这一现象不断研究探索,总结出了一些基本原则。在语用界,著名语言学家Leech就提出了包括得体准则、慷慨准则、称赞准则、谦虚准则、一致准则、同情准则(1)六个准则的礼貌原则。
Politeness is the basic norms of interpersonal communication, the so-called “rude people are not born, things are not rude, rude country is not”. In order to create a harmonious environment, to better communicate and exchange, to achieve the goal of the smooth, from ancient to now, people are very polite role, everyone endeavors to be courteous. At the same time, people continue to research and explore the phenomenon of politeness and summed up some basic principles. In pragmatics, Leech, a famous linguist, proposed the politeness principle of six criteria including decency, generosity, compliment, humbleness, consensus, and sympathy (1).