蜡样芽胞杆菌是国内引起细菌性食物中毒的常见细菌之一， 提取其溶血性肠毒素有助于阐明它的发病机理，有可能制备诊断试剂， 从而达到预防和控制蜡样芽胞杆菌食物中毒的目的。从国内引起食物中毒的１００ 株蜡样芽胞杆菌中，选出试验用菌株。从培养后的上清液中， 经过盐析、离子交换柱层析、制备性凝胶电泳提取蜡样芽胞杆菌溶血素。溶血素由 Ｂ、 Ｌ１ 和 Ｌ２ ３ 种成份组成， 分子量分别为３５ 、３６ 和４５ｋ Ｄａ ３ 种成份的协同作用在血琼脂上引起靶状溶血， 使兔皮肤血管通透性增加， 兔小肠肠段结扎产生积液反应， Ｖｅｒｏ 细胞形态学改变。提示蜡样芽胞杆菌溶血素具有肠毒素的性质， 试验也证实所提取的溶血素有免疫原性和免疫反应性 Bacillus cereus is one of the most common bacteria causing bacterial food poisoning in China. Extraction of hemolytic enterotoxins helps clarify its pathogenesis and makes it possible to prepare diagnostic reagents to prevent and control Bacillus cereus food poisoning purpose. Of the 100 Bacillus cereus that cause food poisoning in China, the test strains were selected. Bacillus cereus hemolysin was extracted from the cultured supernatant by salting out, ion exchange column chromatography and preparative gel electrophoresis. The hemolysin consists of three components, B, L1 and L2. The synergistic effect of the three components with molecular weights of 35, 36 and 45 kDa, respectively, results in target hemolysis on blood agar and increases rabbit skin vascular permeability, Ligation reaction effusion, Vero cells morphological changes. Suggesting that Bacillus cereus hemolysin has the properties of enterotoxins, the experiment also confirmed that the extracted hemolysin immunogenicity and immunoreactivity