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对外开放、参加国际大循环都有一个扩大广度和增加深度的问题。没有一定的广度就没有推进深度的前提和基础;没有深度就不可能充分获取国际大循环的好处。这里仅从对外贸易的角度,谈谈参加国际大循环的广度与深度问题。一、充分重视劳动密集型产品出口,进一步扩大参与国际大循环的广度劳动密集型产品一般来说是低增值产品,技术密集型产品一般是深加工、高增值产品。这二者的生产与出口都有其合理性,原则上是相辅相成的。从总体上看,我国目前的工业技术水平比较低,体制上、政策上也有一些难以在短期内消除的制约因素,要想在短期内使技术密集型产品出口大量增加,成为外汇收入的主要来源和国内建设资金的重要来源是不现实的。我国劳动力资源丰富,原材料、资金比较短缺。针对上述情况,大力发展劳动密集型产品出口,大力发展来料加工、进料加工,有利于更好地利用国际资源和国际市场,也有利于积累建设资金,加快现代化进程,为今后多出口高增值的技术密集型产品创造条件。
Opening up to the outside world and participating in the international cycle have a problem of expanding breadth and increasing depth. Without a certain degree of breadth, there is no precondition and basis for advancing depth; without depth, it is impossible to fully obtain the benefits of the international cycle. Here only from the perspective of foreign trade, talk about the breadth and depth of participation in the international cycle. First, give full attention to the export of labor-intensive products, and further expand the breadth of participation in the international cycle. Labor-intensive products are generally low value-added products. Technology-intensive products are generally deep-processed and high-value-added products. Both the production and the export have their own rationality, and they complement each other in principle. In general, China’s current level of industrial technology is relatively low, and there are also some constraints on the system and policies that are difficult to eliminate in the short term. If we want to increase the export of technology-intensive products in a short period of time, we will become the main source of foreign exchange earnings. And the important source of domestic construction funds is unrealistic. China’s labor resources are abundant, and raw materials and funds are relatively short. In view of the above, we will vigorously develop labor-intensive product exports, vigorously develop incoming materials processing, and feed processing, which will be conducive to the better use of international resources and the international market, as well as accumulating construction funds, accelerating the modernization process, and exporting more for the future. Value-added technology-intensive products create conditions.