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目的明确钛白粉生产作业场所中存在的职业病危害种类及强度,初步提出相应的防护措施和建议。方法通过职业卫生现场调查、职业卫生检测等方法收集有关数据和资料,结合职业病危害防护设施、个人职业病防护水平和定量分级结果,对劳动者职业病危害接触水平及职业健康影响程度进行分析,运用现场调查法、检测检验法、定量分级法和检查表法等方法对企业职业病危害现状进行全面评价。结果生产过程中产生或存在的职业病危害因素包括化学毒物(硫、硫酸、二氧化硫、绿矾、硫酸铵等20余种)和物理因素(噪声、高温、工频电场、紫外辐射)等。职业病危害因素检测结果:化学毒物中的硫酸有3个检测点超过职业接触限值,合格率为95%;有2个粉碎岗位的二氧化钛粉尘检测结果超标,其余岗位总粉尘浓度检测合格率均为100%。物理因素方面共对36个作业岗位进行了噪声检测,其中有4个岗位或工种检测结果不合格,合格率为88.9%;高温和工频电场强度均符合国家规定的职业接触限值。结论钛白粉生产作业场所中存在多种职业病危害因素,生产企业应针对职业病危害因素的种类和强度配备必要的防护设施,为劳动者发放防护用品,切实保障劳动者的身体健康和生命安全。
Objective To clarify the types and intensities of occupational hazards existing in the production sites of titanium dioxide production and put forward corresponding protective measures and suggestions. Methods Through the collection of relevant data and data through occupational health field investigation, occupational health examination and other methods, combined with occupational hazard protection facilities, personal occupational disease protection level and quantitative grading results, the level of occupational hazards exposure of workers and occupational health effects were analyzed. Investigation, testing and testing methods, quantitative grading method and checklist method to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the current status of occupational hazards in enterprises. Results The occupational hazards that occurred or existed in the production process included chemical poisons (more than 20 kinds of sulfur, sulfuric acid, sulfur dioxide, vitriol and ammonium sulfate) and physical factors (noise, high temperature, power frequency electric field and ultraviolet radiation) Test results of occupational hazards: test results show that there are three test points of sulfuric acid in chemical poisons that exceed the occupational exposure limits and the pass rate is 95%. The test results of titanium dioxide dust with two crushing posts are beyond the standard and the pass rates of the other positions with total dust concentration test are 100%. A total of 36 job sites were tested for noise, of which 4 were unqualified or 88.9% defective. The high temperature and power frequency electric fields were all in line with the national occupational exposure limits. Conclusion There are many occupational hazards in the workplace of titanium dioxide production. Manufacturers should allocate necessary protective equipment according to the types and intensities of occupational hazards, and distribute protective articles to laborers so as to effectively protect the health and safety of laborers.