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用随机扩增多态DNA(RAPD)分子标记方法对白桦 1 7个种源 1 52个个体进行了遗传变异的比较分析 ,通过 1 4个随机引物扩增共检测到 2 33个位点 ,各种源多态位点百分率差异明显 ,范围在 2 0 .1 7%～ 32 .1 9%之间 ,多态位点百分率最高的是帽儿山种源和清源种源 ,最低的是绰尔种源。遗传变异在种源间占 43.53% ,在种源内个体间占 56.47%。根据种源间的遗传距离 ,构建了白桦 1 7个种源的遗传关系聚类图 ,结果将东北地区的白桦聚为一类 ,华北、西北地区的白桦聚为另一类。同时根据地理气候因子和遗传距离对白桦群体进行了种源区的划分。
A random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method was used to analyze the genetic variation of 115 individuals from 17 provenances of Birch birch, and 33 alleles were detected by random primer amplification The percentage of provenances varied significantly from 20.7% to 32.119%. The highest percentage of polymorphic loci was from Maoershan provenance and Qingyuan provenance, while the lowest was Chuo Er source. Genetic variation accounted for 43.53% among provenances and 56.47% among provenances. According to the genetic distance between provenances, a cluster of genetic relationships among 17 provenances of Betula platyphylla was constructed. As a result, the Betula platyphylla aggregates in the northeastern China and the Betula platyphylla in the North and Northwest regions converge on another. At the same time, according to geographical and climatic factors and genetic distance of birch population were divided into provenance area.