称呼语是人们日常言语交际中十分重要的一环。它被称之为交际的先行官,它有着丰富的语用功能。称呼语运用和理解的恰当与否将影响整个交际的顺利进行。本文将利用对关联理论的相关内容的分析来对称呼语的运用和理解的相关制约因素作一个归纳总结。以期能使称呼语发挥更好的交流作用。 Addressing is a very important part of people’s daily communication. It is called the forerunner of communication, it has a wealth of pragmatic functions. Appropriate use of address terms and understanding will affect the smooth progress of the entire communication. This article will make use of the analysis of the relevant content of relevance theory to summarize the related constraints on the use of address and understanding. With a view to make the addressative play a better communication.