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[目的]为促进辣椒的遗传改良,以“6421”为试验材料,建立辣椒突变体库。[方法]采用不同浓度的EMS溶液(0.2%~1.2%)处理“6421”种子,确定半致死剂量,并构建突变体,并对M4代中获得的矮秆突变体进行农艺性状调查与遗传分析。[结果]EMS浓度为1.0%时,种子发芽率和出苗率分别为45.2%和40.2%,种子发芽指数和生活力分别为17.6和19.7,接近半致死;取经半致死浓度处理的种子10,000粒构建突变体,2015年在M_4代中共获得562份能稳定遗传的突变体,突变性状可分为11大类32小类;矮秆突变体E29,E58,E142和E312的株高、株幅、主茎粗、主茎长以及主茎节位数均显著低于对照植株,E58侧枝数显著高于对照植株;E29,E58和E312突变性状均由单隐性基因控制。[结论]该研究首次成功地构建了辣椒突变体库,不仅为辣椒育种提供了丰富的种质资源,还为开展辣椒基因组学研究提供了有用的试验材料。
[Objective] The study aimed to promote the genetic improvement of peppers by using “6421” as experimental material to establish a mutant library of peppers. [Method] The seeds of “6421” were treated with different concentrations of EMS solution (0.2% ~ 1.2%) to determine the lethal dose and the mutants were constructed. The agronomic traits of dwarf mutants obtained in the M4 generation Genetic analysis. [Result] The germination rate and emergence rate of seeds were 45.2% and 40.2% respectively when the concentration of EMS was 1.0%, the germination index and viability of seeds were 17.6 and 19.7, respectively, which were close to semi-lethality. The seeds with semi-lethal concentration of 10,000 were constructed 562 stable and inherited mutants were obtained in M_4 generation in 2015. Mutant traits can be divided into 11 categories and 32 subtypes. The plant height, plant height, plant height and width of dwarf mutant E29, E58, E142 and E312 Stem diameter, main stem length and main stem node number were significantly lower than those of the control plants. The number of lateral branches of E58 was significantly higher than that of the control plants. The mutation traits of E29, E58 and E312 were controlled by a single recessive gene. [Conclusion] The study successfully constructed the pepper mutant library for the first time, which not only provided abundant germplasm resources for pepper breeding, but also provided useful experimental materials for the study of pepper genomics.