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从病理生理角度分类,肺水肿主要有两大类型:压力型和通透性。近年来发现临床上许多不同的疾病,由于急性肺微血管损伤所致肺水肿的发生率和死亡率有所增加,人们更加重视通透性肺水肿,复制通透性肺水肿动物模型有所发展。其中多见的是静脉或腹腔内注入大肠杆菌内毒素或大肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌、阿脲、安妥、及各种微栓子;气管内滴注盐酸;吸入纯氧、光气或双光气等。气管内滴注盐酸,复制通透性肺水肿动物模型,方法简单,病理变化典型。其缺点是病变呈局灶性,两侧不易对称。主要是因进入两侧支气管的盐酸量不均匀。有人采用经一侧支气管插管内滴入盐酸,用另一侧肺作为对照,
From the perspective of pathophysiology, there are two main types of pulmonary edema: pressure type and permeability. In recent years, many clinically different diseases have been found. Due to the increased incidence and mortality of pulmonary edema caused by acute pulmonary microvascular injury, more attention has been paid to the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial edema. One of the more common is the intravenous or intraperitoneal injection of E. coli endotoxin or Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, allurea, and various micro-emboli; Intratracheal instillation of hydrochloric acid; inhalation of pure oxygen, phosgene or diphtheria Wait. Intratracheal instillation of hydrochloric acid, replicating pulmonary animal model of pulmonary edema, the method is simple, the typical pathological changes. The disadvantage is focal lesions, not easily symmetrical on both sides. Mainly because of the uneven amount of hydrochloric acid into the bronchial on both sides. Some people use the side of the bronchial tube into the hydrochloric acid, with the other side of the lung as a control,