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本文在349个采集土壤表层(0～20cm)样本分析基础上,运用地统计学与GIS相结合的方法,研究了黑龙江省巴彦县典型区域土壤有机质、速效磷、速效钾、pH值的空间变异特征,并结合巴彦县实际情况分析了这四种养分的影响因素。研究结果表明:土壤有机质、速效钾、pH值的变异函数曲线符合指数模型,土壤速效磷的理论模型符合有基台的线性模型;在空间结构上,土壤有机质、速效钾、pH值空间自相关性中等,土壤速效磷量表现强弱的空间自相关性;采用Kriging插值方法,分析研究区域的土壤养分空间格局分布可以看出,四种土壤养分的空间分布具有较明显的地域性,速效磷与速效钾以中部为最低,并向四周呈波状扩展增加,土壤有机质、pH值的分布则较为随机。
Based on the analysis of 349 soil samples (0 ~ 20cm) collected from soil samples and the combination of geostatistics and GIS, this paper studied the changes of soil organic matter, available phosphorus, available potassium and pH value in a typical area of Bayan County in Heilongjiang Province Variation characteristics, combined with the actual situation in Bayan County, analyzed the four nutrients of the influencing factors. The results showed that the curve of soil organic matter, available potassium and pH value fitted the exponential model, and the theoretical model of soil available phosphorus was in accordance with the linear model with abutment. In the spatial structure, the soil organic matter, available potassium and pH value spatial autocorrelation Medium and medium available soil available phosphorus spatial autocorrelation; Kriging interpolation method used to analyze the spatial distribution of soil nutrients in the study area can be seen that the spatial distribution of the four soil nutrients with more obvious regional, available phosphorus And available potassium in the middle of the lowest, and to the surrounding wave-shaped expansion increases, soil organic matter, pH distribution is more random.