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目的:探讨在牦牛妊娠早期的功能及与其它动物的异同。方法:取妊娠早期牦牛不同阶段的胎盘组织,采用SP免疫组化方法检测牦牛妊娠早期胎盘中Fas/FasL、Bcl-2/Bax蛋白表达特征。结果:在牦牛妊娠早期,子宫内膜上皮和滋养层中Fas/FasL呈阳性表达,而在子宫内膜中的淋巴细胞和浆细胞也呈Fas/FasL阳性。Fas蛋白在子宫内膜上皮中的表达量随妊娠进行有下降趋势,而在滋养层中几乎均为强阳性表达。FasL的表达量在滋养层中没有发生变化,一直呈强阳性表达;而在子宫内膜中,几乎均为中等表达。Bcl-2蛋白在子宫内膜中的表达量16～20d较高,之后表达量呈下降趋势;在滋养层中没有发生变化。Bax蛋白在妊娠16d的子宫内膜中的表达量较高,其余均为低表达;在滋养层中的表达量变化不大,一直较高。在凋亡的细胞中,Bax着色较深。结论:在牦牛妊娠过程中,子宫内膜上皮和滋养层中Fas/FasL呈阳性表达,可能与牦牛妊娠过程中的免疫赦免有关。
Objective: To investigate the function of yak in early pregnancy and the similarities and differences with other animals. Methods: The placental tissues of different stages of yak in early pregnancy were collected and the expression of Fas / FasL and Bcl-2 / Bax in placenta of yak during early pregnancy were detected by SP immunohistochemistry. Results: Fas / FasL was positively expressed in the endometrial epithelium and trophoblast in the early gestation of yaks, while the positive lymphocytes and plasma cells in the endometrium were also Fas / FasL positive. The expression of Fas protein in endometrial epithelium decreased with the progress of pregnancy, while almost all strongly positive in trophoblast. FasL expression levels did not change in the trophoblast, has been strongly positive expression; in the endometrium, almost all were moderately expressed. The expression of Bcl-2 protein in the endometrium was higher from 16 to 20 days after which the expression level of Bcl-2 protein tended to decrease. There was no change in the trophoblast. The expression of Bax in endometrium was higher on the 16th day of gestation, while the rest was low expression. The expression level of Bax in trophoblast did not change much and remained high. In apoptotic cells, Bax is colored darker. Conclusion: The positive expression of Fas / FasL in the endometrial epithelium and trophoblast in the process of yak pregnancy may be related to the immune pardon in the yak during pregnancy.