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骨骼肌损伤是一种常见的运动创伤,但是骨骼肌自然愈合时间一般较长,而且这种修复一般是不完全的;如何加快其愈合过程成为运动医学领域中迫切需要解决的问题。肌卫星细胞(muscle satellite cells)于1961年被Mauro等首次在蛙骨骼肌中发现,这种具有增殖和自我更新能力的成肌前体细胞被认为是骨骼肌修复中不可或缺的细胞。在骨骼肌损伤后,骨骼肌卫星细胞会被激活,然后卫星细胞进行增殖、分化、并与损伤部位的骨骼肌纤维融合,从而修复受损的骨骼肌。
Skeletal muscle injury is a common traumatic injury, but the natural healing time of skeletal muscle is generally longer, and the repair is generally incomplete. How to speed up the healing process has become an urgent problem to be solved in the field of sports medicine. Muscular satellite cells were first discovered in frog skeletal muscle in 1961 by Mauro et al. This myoblast-like progenitor cell with proliferative and self-renewal properties is considered as an indispensable cell in skeletal muscle repair. After skeletal muscle injury, skeletal muscle satellite cells are activated, and then the satellite cells proliferate, differentiate, and fuse with the skeletal muscle fibers at the site of the injury to repair the damaged skeletal muscle.