一、引言近廿五年来,商船趋于大型化,特别是油船和散装货船,目前最大的吨位已超过50万吨,为20～25年前的10倍左右。这些船舶造价昂贵,其固定的经营费用相应地亦较高,因此必须延长船舶保护涂料的有效期和减少船舶在必要维修时的停航时间。目前,限制船舶进坞周期的因素是船底防污漆的性能。近十至十五年以来,大量的工作着重于这方面的研究 I. INTRODUCTION Merchant shipping tends to be large in size over the past 25 years, especially for oil tankers and bulk carriers. At present, the largest tonnage has exceeded 500,000 tons, about 10 times 20-25 years ago. These ships are expensive and their fixed operating costs are correspondingly high. Therefore, it is necessary to extend the life of the ship’s protective coatings and to reduce the stopping time of ships when necessary. Currently, the factor that limits the ship’s dock cycle is the performance of the bottom antifouling paint. In the recent ten to fifteen years, a great deal of work has focused on this aspect of research