近年来,由于广谱抗生素、免疫抑制剂,糖皮质激素等的广泛使用,获得性免疫缺陷综合症及恶性肿瘤发病率的增加,多种侵袭性操作技术的开展:如中心静脉置管及纤支镜介入性治疗、气管切开、机械通气,全胃肠营养,使得各种致病菌感染,深部真菌感染的发病率不断增加[1]。肺结核是以免疫 In recent years, due to the widespread use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, immunosuppressive agents, glucocorticoids, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and the increase of the incidence of malignant tumors, a variety of invasive operation techniques have been developed: central venous catheters and fibers Bronchoscopic interventional therapy, tracheotomy, mechanical ventilation, total gastrointestinal nutrition, making a variety of pathogenic bacteria infection, the incidence of deep fungal infections continue to increase [1]. Tuberculosis is immune