据资料统计,国内煤矿的突水淹井事故80%以上是由断层引起的,大多数是原始地质条件下的非导水断层在采动影响下活化发生突水。出于安全生产和保水采煤的需要,对采场覆岩中断层因工作面的推进而活化突水进行力学分析,研究防止断层活化突水和保水采煤的开采方法。由摩尔-库仑破坏准则得出断层的活化准则,推导出断层活化的临界倾角、断层活化时的临界开采深度和间隔式开采断层活化时工作面临界推进距离。结果表明,断层的破坏形式与断层倾角有很大关系,随着断层倾角的增大,断层的破坏形式依次表现为,随着工作面的推进断层和覆岩一同破坏、剪切破坏和拉破坏。断层倾角越大,越容易活化。以大柳塔煤矿保水采煤为例,应用研究成果计算了间隔式开采工作面的临界推进距离,并且以相似模拟试验验证了计算结果。 According to statistics, more than 80% of the accidents of inrush water flooding in domestic coal mines are caused by faults. Most of them are water-inrush faults activated by non-water-bearing faults under the original geological conditions. For the sake of safe production and water-conserving coal mining, mechanics analysis is made on the activation of water inrush caused by the working face in the fault of overlying strata of the stope, and the exploitation methods to prevent water inrush from water and coal mining are studied. Based on the Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion, the activation rules of the fault are deduced, and the critical tilt angle of the fault activation, the critical exploitation depth when the fault is activated and the critical propulsion distance of the working face when the intermittent mining fault is activated are derived. The results show that the failure mode of the fault is closely related to the dip of the fault. With the increase of the fault dip angle, the failure modes of the fault are as follows: along with the advancement of the working face, the fault and the overburden rock together, the shear failure and the pull failure . The larger the fault dip, the easier it is to activate. Taking Daliuta coal mine as an example, the critical propulsion distance of the interval mining face was calculated based on the research results. The simulation results verify the calculation results.