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在陕西省25个县调查玉米穗粒腐病,采集病穗标样570份。霉坏籽粒达到果穗面积1/3以上的发病严重果穗占35.61％。分离得到1308个菌株,鉴定为17个种,分属14个属,其中串珠镰刀菌出现频率最高,占42.58％,其次为禾谷镰刀菌,占20.34％。对串珠镰刀菌、禾谷镰刀菌等10种主要病原菌进行致病性测试,平均病级1.14～2.41,病情指数22.9～48.4。串珠镰刀菌是玉米穗粒腐病的优势病原菌,禾谷镰刀菌为次优势菌种。
Corn ear rot disease was investigated in 25 counties of Shaanxi Province and 570 samples of ear disease were collected. Streaky grains reach ear area 1/3 or more of the incidence of severe ear accounted for 35.61%. 1308 isolates were isolated and identified as 17 species belonging to 14 genera, of which Fusarium moniliforme appeared the highest frequency (42.58%), followed by Fusarium graminearum (20.34%). Pathogenicity tests were carried out on 10 major pathogens such as Fusarium moniliforme and Fusarium graminearum, with an average disease grade of 1.14-2.41 and a disease index of 22.9-48.4. Fusarium graminearum is the dominant pathogen of corn ear rot, and Fusarium graminearum is the second dominant species.