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[目的]通过农户施肥量调查数据计量模拟,旨在找到影响农户施肥量的主要因素,为指导农户合理施用化肥提供借鉴与参考。[方法]该文以我国19个省(区)1 043个农户的调查资料为依据,运用双对数模型对农户粮食作物施肥量的影响因素进行了统计分析。[结果]施肥决策者受教育年限、化肥质量、农户是否施用有机肥、化肥价格和农产品价格对农户施肥量影响显著(1%显著水平),土壤养分也在一定程度上影响化肥施用量(10%显著水平),而农户是否接受过农业技术服务、家庭非农收入、地区因素对农户化肥施用量影响不显著。[结论]建立科学的有机-无机结合的施肥体系;普及测土平衡施肥技术;通过培训,提高农民文化水平等。
[Objective] The purpose of this research is to find out the main factors that influence the amount of fertilizers applied by peasants and to provide reference and reference for farmers to guide the rational application of fertilizers. [Method] Based on the survey data of 1 043 farmer households in 19 provinces (districts) in our country, the paper used double logarithm model to analyze the influencing factors of farmer households’ grain yield. [Results] The fertilization decision-maker’s years of education, the quality of chemical fertilizers, whether farmers applied organic fertilizer, the price of fertilizer and the price of agricultural products had a significant impact on the amount of fertilizer (1% significant level), and soil nutrient also affected the amount of chemical fertilizer applied % Significant level), and whether farmers have received agricultural technical services, family non-farm income, regional factors on the amount of chemical fertilizer farmers did not affect significantly. [Conclusion] The establishment of a scientific organic-inorganic fertilization system; the popularization of soil-balance fertilization technology; training to improve farmers’ cultural level.