对34例智力低下患者的大脑皮质进行了病理组织学研究,其中8例进行了超微结构观察。结果表明,本组病例的主要病理改变为大脑皮质结构异常,如神经细胞排列紊乱及变性、固缩和脱失,伴胶质细胞增生、神经原纤维与髓鞘病变等。由此认为,智力低下可能与大脑皮质的原发性和(或)继发性损害有密切关系。 The cerebral cortex of 34 patients with mental retardation was studied by histopathology, of which 8 cases were observed by ultrastructure. The results showed that the main pathological changes in this group of patients with abnormal cortical structure, such as nerve cell disorder and degeneration, shrinkage and loss, with glial cell proliferation, neurofibrillary and myelin lesions. Therefore, mental retardation may be closely related to the primary and / or secondary damage to the cerebral cortex.