有关气候的知识非常抽象,教师的教和学生的学都有一定的困难,但是气候是整个自然地理环境中最基本、最活跃的要素。它的形成受到太阳辐射、海陆分布、大气环流以及地形、洋流等因素的影响,同时,它又对地形的演变,河湖的兴废,生物的演替和土壤的形成,起着 The knowledge about the climate is very abstract. Teachers’ teaching and students’ studies have certain difficulties, but the climate is the most basic and active element in the entire physical and geographical environment. Its formation is affected by solar radiation, sea-land distribution, atmospheric circulation, and topography, ocean currents, and other factors. At the same time, it plays a role in the evolution of the terrain, the regeneration of rivers and lakes, the succession of organisms, and the formation of soil.