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目的研究急性轻、中度缺氧对人的短时记忆能力绩效的影响。方法利用低压舱模拟２８００ｍ、３６００ｍ及４４００ｍ高度缺氧暴露１ｈ，考察１８名健康男性青年的记忆长廊、记忆扫描、连续识别记忆和空间记忆测验绩效的变化。结果与正常对照值相比较，２８００ｍ缺氧暴露１ｈ，连续识别记忆的综合绩效已显著低于对照值（Ｐ＜０．０１）。３６００ｍ暴露１ｈ各项测验的反应时间明显延长（Ｐ＜０．０１），综合绩效显著降低，但记忆扫描和空间记忆测验的错误率并无显著改变（Ｐ＞０．０５）。４４００ｍ暴露１ｈ各项测验综合绩效进一步降低，仅为对照值的９０．４％、９３．７％、８３．３％和８０．７％（Ｐ＜０．０１）。错误率也显著增加（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论在２８００ｍ高度水平的急性轻、中度缺氧即对短时记忆能力有一定影响，且随着高度增加而加重，不同测验项目受影响的特性和阈值不同，但都首先表现为反应时的延长。
Objective To study the effect of acute light and moderate hypoxia on the performance of human short-term memory. Methods The low pressure cabin was used to simulate the exposure of 2800m, 3600m and 4400m hypoxia for 1 hour. The changes of memory corridor, memory scan, continuous recognition memory and spatial memory test were examined in 18 healthy male adolescents. Results Compared with the normal control, the comprehensive performance of continuous recognition memory was significantly lower than that of the control (P <0.01) at 2800m hypoxia exposure for 1h. The response time of 3600m exposure 1h was obviously prolonged (P <0.01), and the comprehensive performance was significantly reduced. However, there was no significant change in error rate of memory scanning and spatial memory test (P> 0.05). The comprehensive performance of all the tests at 4400m exposed for 1h further decreased to 90.4%, 93.7%, 83.3% and 80.7% of the control value (P <0.01). The error rate also increased significantly (P <0.05). Conclusions Acute hypocholesterolemia at a level of 2800m has an effect on short-term memory ability and aggravates with increasing height. The characteristics and thresholds affected by different test items are different, but all of them are first manifested as reaction time extend.