目的了解深圳市育龄妇女生殖道感染状况和影响因素。方法选择深圳市某社区160名育龄妇女,在知情同意原则下,进行面对面、不记名问卷调查;进行妇科检查并采集宫颈拭子检测人乳头状病病毒(HPV)基因分型;应用软件SAS 8.01进行统计分析。结果共调查160名妇女,23例HPV感染阳性,阳性率为14.38%;113例既往患生殖道感染,感染率为70.63%。多因素分析结果表明,首次性行为年龄、曾服用避孕药、雌激素替代疗法是深圳市某社区妇女既往患生殖道感染的独立影响因素。首次性行为年龄≥20岁、进行过雌激素替代疗法会降低育龄妇女生殖道感染风险,曾服用避孕药会增加育龄妇女生殖道感染风险。结论深圳市社区育龄妇女既往生殖道感染率高,应有针对性地开展生殖健康教育。 Objective To understand the status and influencing factors of genital tract infection in women of childbearing age in Shenzhen. Methods A total of 160 women of childbearing age in a community of Shenzhen were selected to conduct a face-to-face and anonymous questionnaire survey under informed consent. Gynecological examination and cervical swab were performed to detect HPV genotyping. The software SAS 8.01 conduct statistical analysis. Results A total of 160 women were surveyed. Twenty-three cases were positive for HPV infection, the positive rate was 14.38%. 113 cases had previous genital tract infection, the infection rate was 70.63%. Multivariate analysis showed that the first sexually active age, who had contraceptives, estrogen replacement therapy is a community in Shenzhen in the past suffering from reproductive tract infection in women an independent factor. Age of first sex more than 20 years of age, conducted estrogen replacement therapy will reduce the risk of reproductive tract infection in women of childbearing age, who have contraceptives will increase the risk of reproductive tract infections in women of childbearing age. Conclusion Reproductive health education should be carried out in a targeted manner in women of childbearing age in Shenzhen.