In the era of big data, the ways people work, live and think have changed dramatically, and the social goveance system is also being restructured. Achieving intelligent social goveance has now become a national strategy. The application of big data technol-ogy to counterterrorism efforts has become a powerful weapon for all countries. However, due to the uncertainty, difficulty of interpretation and potential risk of discrimination in big data technology and algo-rithm models, basic human rights, freedom and even ethics are likely to be impacted and challenged. As a result, there is an urgent need to prioritize basic human rights and regulate the application of big data for counter terrorism purposes. The legislation and law enforcement regarding the use of big data to counter terrorism must be subject to constitutional and other legal reviews, so as to strike a balance between safeguarding national security and protecting basic human rights.