中国人口的百分之八十生活在农村,但辛亥革命是一个上流阶层的革命。一般说来,如果农村群众有所反应的话,首先,他们似乎是积极地肯定辛亥革命的。他们在这个革命中看到一线希望,旧政权统治下所忍受的暴政可能消除。然而,他们很快便发现,革命并不给农民实惠,仅仅给了上流阶层以好处。地方绅士的权力大大提高,“平均地权”的口号被摒弃,新政权较旧统治更为专断和压制。日益加剧的绅士压迫和捐税,物价持续上涨的趋势,立刻引起可和晚清媲美的农村骚扰浪潮。农民们灰心丧气,对现状不满,最后则是组织反对活动。在1912-1913年期间,湖北有八个 Eighty percent of China’s population lives in rural areas, but the Revolution of 1911 is a revolution of the highest class. Generally speaking, if the masses of the countryside respond to it, first of all, they seem to be positively affirming the 1911 Revolution. They saw a glimmer of hope in this revolution and the tyranny endured under the rule of the old regime may be eliminated. However, they quickly realized that the revolution did not benefit peasants and only benefited the elite. The power of local gendarmes is greatly enhanced, the slogan of “average land rights” is abandoned and the new regime is more arbitrary and repressive than the old one. The increasing pressure of gentlemen and taxation, the trend of rising prices, immediately caused a wave of rural harassment comparable to that of late Qing. Farmers are discouraged, dissatisfied with the status quo, and finally organize opposition activities. During 1912-1913, Hubei had eight