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目的探讨孕期体重增长幅度对妊娠结局的影响,指导孕期体重控制从而降低妊娠合并症及新生儿出生体重。方法选择2013年3-10月在武汉市桥口区进行孕期保健的孕13周以上孕妇200名为研究对象,将她们随机分为实验组和对照组,实验组孕妇从孕13周开始在专业医师的指导下坚持体操训练,同时通过上海营养协会监制的围产营养软件分析得出孕妇膳食营养状况,并根据其孕前体质指数、孕周及体力劳动强度计算每日的总热量,给予孕妇个性化膳食指导等干预控制其体重增长,对照组仅行常规产检,观察两组妊娠结局。结果实验组的孕期体重增长(15.22±1.94)kg低于对照组(17.43±2.09)kg,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。实验组新生儿出生体重(3122.5±274.57)g低于对照组(3590±355.63)g,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。实验组妊娠并发症妊娠糖尿病、妊娠高血压患病人数明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论定期产前检查并进行孕期个性化营养指导和体操训练有助于控制孕期体重,降低妊娠合并症,降低新生儿出生体重。
Objective To investigate the effect of pregnancy weight gain on pregnancy outcome and to guide weight control during pregnancy so as to reduce pregnancy complications and neonatal birth weight. METHODS: From March to October in 2013, 200 pregnant women with gestational age of more than 13 weeks in Qiaokou district of Wuhan were enrolled in this study. They were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. Pregnant women in experimental group started their pregnancy in 13 weeks Under the guidance of the physician insisted gymnastics training, at the same time through the Shanghai Nutrition Association produced perinatal nutrition software analysis of the nutritional status of pregnant women pregnant women, and according to their pre-pregnancy body mass index, gestational age and physical labor intensity calculation of daily total calories, giving pregnant women personality Dietary guidance and other interventions to control their weight gain, the control group only routine check, observe the two groups of pregnancy outcomes. Results The weight gain during pregnancy was significantly lower in experimental group (15.22 ± 1.94) kg than that in control group (17.43 ± 2.09) kg, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). The birth weight of neonates in experimental group (3122.5 ± 274.57) g was lower than that in control group (3590 ± 355.63) g, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). The incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus and pregnancy-induced hypertension in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion Regular prenatal examination and personalized nutrition during pregnancy guidance and gymnastics training help to control weight during pregnancy, reduce pregnancy complications, and reduce the birth weight of newborns.