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1.观察了351个成人颈椎干骨(C_237、C_(3～5)196、C_639、C_779)椎弓营养孔的数目、大小、方向和位置。椎弓外面的营养孔以单孔多见,占64.96％,平均口径为0.34mm。指向椎弓根,多位于距峡部中线后方3～6mm范围的椎板中部。椎弓内面的营养孔为单孔者占47.01％,平均口径为0.26mm。指向后,集中于距椎弓根与椎板连线0～3mm范围的椎板中部。 2.用解剖、透明法,观察了20具不同年龄新鲜尸体颈椎椎弓的营养动脉。椎弓外面营养动脉发自颈深动脉;内面营养动脉发自椎动脉脊后支的升支和脊中间支的后根支。在每一椎弓的左、右侧半内,以1支营养动脉多见。它分成短而较细的前支和长而粗的后支。前支发出分支供应上、下关节突、横突和椎弓根;后支发支供应椎板和棘突。营养动脉在骨内的形态、走行和分布与骨化过程关系密切。 3.骨膜动脉从椎弓外面进入,在儿童和成人的椎管面,未见到此种小支的存在。
1. Observe the number, size, direction and location of pedicel hole of 351 adult cervical spine (C_237, C_ (3-5) 196, C_639, C_779). Nutritional holes outside the vertebral arch more common to single hole, accounting for 64.96%, the average caliber of 0.34mm. Points to the pedicle, and more than in the isthmus midline 3 ~ 6mm behind the scope of the middle of the lamina. The nutrition hole inside the vertebral arch is 47.01% with a single hole, the average caliber is 0.26mm. After pointing, focus on the vertebral plate in the range of 0 ~ 3mm from the pedicle and the lamina. Using anatomical and transparent method, we observed the nutritional artery of 20 cervical vertebrae of fresh cadavers of different ages. The nutrient arteries outside the vertebral arch originate from the deep cervical artery; the medial nutritive artery originates from the ascending branch of the posterior vertebral artery posterior branch and the posterior root branch of the medial branch of the ridge. In each vertebral arch of the left and right half, to a nutritional artery more common. It is divided into short and thin anterior branch and long and thick branch. Branch of the anterior branch of the supply of upper and lower articular process, transverse process and pedicle; posterior branch of the supply lamina and spinous process. Nutrient arteries in the shape of the bone, walking and distribution and the ossification process are closely related. 3. Periosteal arteries enter from the outside of the vertebral arch, in the pediatric and adult spinal surface, there is no such small branches.