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新生儿娩出后一分钟内仅有心跳而无呼吸,或未建立规则呼吸的缺氧状态,称为新生儿窒息。世界卫生保健机构将新生儿娩出后发生缺氧、碳酸增多及酸中毒等现象称为窒息,这是偏重于说明病理机制。 1 新生儿窒息的病因 1.1 母体因素:母亲急性失血、贫血、低血压、妊高征、慢性高血压或呼吸功能不全等疾患造成低氧血症。 1.2 多胎、羊水过多使子宫膨胀或胎盘灌注不足,脐带血流中断。正常脐带长30～70Cm,凡相对或绝对脐带过短或过长,如脐带打结、扭转、绕颈、脐带脱垂等,
Only one minute after delivery, the newborn has no heartbeat or breathing, or no regular breathing state of hypoxia, called neonatal asphyxia. The World Health Organization called neonatal hypoxia, carbonic acidosis and acidosis after delivery is called asphyxia, which is more emphasis on the pathological mechanisms. 1 Causes of neonatal asphyxia 1.1 Maternal factors: maternal acute blood loss, anemia, hypotension, pregnancy-induced hypertension, chronic hypertension or respiratory insufficiency and other diseases caused by hypoxemia. 1.2 multiple births, polyhydramnios to the uterus inflated or insufficient placental perfusion, cord blood flow interrupted. Normal umbilical cord length 30 ~ 70Cm, where the relative or absolute umbilical cord is too short or too long, such as the umbilical cord knot, reverse, around the neck, umbilical cord prolapse, etc.,