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目的:通过对永宁县婴幼儿营养状况的调查,了解永宁县婴幼儿的营养状况以及喂养状况,为婴幼儿合理喂养、改善婴幼儿营养状况、减少营养不良的患病率提出科学依据。方法:选择永宁县1个社区和1个乡镇0～3岁婴幼儿为研究对象,自行设计调查问卷对婴幼儿一般喂养状况进行调查,并测量身高(身长)、体重,采用WHO推荐使用的Z评分方法来评价婴幼儿的营养状况。结果:城镇婴幼儿的母乳喂养率为27.3%,农村婴幼儿的母乳喂养率为34.7%,母乳喂养率较低。城乡婴幼儿各类辅食添加率差异较显著,城镇≤6月婴幼儿主要添加蛋类、乳类和水果,农村谷类和乳类添加较多,>6月龄婴幼儿各类辅食添加率明显提高,但仍存在城乡差异,除谷类、蔬菜、豆类添加率农村高于城镇外,其他辅食添加率均为城镇高于农村。婴幼儿营养不良和营养过剩同时存在,低体重率为3.55%,消瘦率为2.03%,发育迟缓率为15.48%,超重率为9.64%,且农村高于城镇。因为农村婴幼儿发育迟缓率较高,实际属于生长迟缓型肥胖。结论:大力宣传提倡母乳喂养,全面加强婴幼儿喂养的宣传与指导,尤其是在农村地区,婴幼儿抚养人应作为宣传教育的重点人群。
Objective: To investigate the nutritional status of infants and young children in Yongning county, understand the nutritional status and feeding status of infants and young children in Yongning County, and provide a scientific basis for the reasonable feeding of infants and young children, improving nutritional status of infants and young children and reducing the prevalence of malnutrition. Methods: One community in Yongning county and one 0 ~ 3 year old infants and young children in township were selected as research objects. A questionnaire was designed to investigate the general feeding status of infants and toddlers. The height (height) and weight were measured. Z Scoring method to evaluate infant nutrition status. Results: Breastfeeding rates for infants and young children in urban areas were 27.3%, for rural infants and young children was 34.7%, and for breastfeeding rates were lower. There was a significant difference in the rate of supplementing various types of complementary food between urban and rural children. In cities and towns ≤ 6 months, infants and young children mainly added eggs, dairy products and fruits, and more rural cereals and dairy products were added. The rate of various supplementary foods for infants and young children> 6 months of age was significantly increased , But there are still differences between urban and rural areas. Except for the addition rate of cereals, vegetables and beans in rural areas is higher than that in urban areas, the rates of other supplementary food supplements are higher in urban areas than in rural areas. Malnutrition and overnutrition also existed in infants and young children. The rate of low weight was 3.55%, the rate of wasting was 2.03%, the rate of stunting was 15.48%, and the rate of overweight was 9.64%. Because of the high rate of stunting in infants and young children in rural areas, the actual growth retardation obesity. CONCLUSIONS: Vigorously promoting breastfeeding promotion and comprehensive promotion of infant and young child feeding advocacy and guidance, especially in rural areas, infant and child care workers should be the focus of public education.