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非接触式负载测量对无线能量传输系统的高性能控制、效率优化以及安全运行具有重要意义.近年来,基于系统暂态响应进行负载辨识的探索成为该领域研究的新途径.相比于传统的稳态电路辨识方法,暂态响应辨识方法对模型的准确度要求低,增强了辨识的鲁棒性与实用性.但现有方法随着阻值减小,测量精度明显降低,限制了其应用范围.为了探究其原因,从根轨迹与极点分布等方面对负载与系统暂态响应之间的内在联系进行了详细的数学推导与比较.结果表明,当负载电阻减小后,系统的暂态过程将由2阶系统的暂态响应过渡到4阶系统的暂态响应,随之产生的暂态行为变化是导致测量精度降低的直接原因.基于此分析,提出一种适用于4阶系统暂态响应的负载测量技术,拓宽了辨识范围,并且实现了自动辨识.仿真与实验结果均证明了所做理论分析与方法的有效性.“,”Contactless load detection is significant in the wireless power transfer (WPT) in respect to high performance control,efficiency optimization and operation safety.The emerging method taking advantages of the characteristic parameters in transient process is promising for the load detection in WPT.Compared with the steady circuit method,the new method lowers its reliability on accurate mode and the measurement accuracy and practicability get improved.However,the high performance in wide load range is difficult to achieve,especially for the small resistance cases.This paper studied characteristics of the load detectable region with clarification through system root locus and poles.The transient process in different regions is derived mathematically and the corresponding transient characteristic parameters are also demonstrated.It is revealed that the system order would be change from two to four with the decrease of load resistance.Based on that,an online contactless load detection method is proposed for the four order system in small resistance application.Both simulation and experimental results verified the effectiveness of proposed theory and method.