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目的观察危重症患者呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP)病原菌分布情况及相关影响因素。方法回顾性分析医院ICU收治的危重症患者58例的临床资料,分析VAP发生情况、主要病原菌及相关危险因素。结果 58例危重症患者出现VAP 24例(41.4%);共检出病原菌36株,其中革兰阴性菌占58.3%,革兰阳性菌占25.0%,真菌占16.7%;VAP发生与年龄、合并疾病、意识障碍、机械通气时间、气管切开、侵入性操作、应用抗菌药物和住院时间均有关(P<0.05)。结论危重症患者发生VAP的影响因素较多,做好早期预防工作,严格执行无菌化管理,可有效降低VAP的发生率。
Objective To observe the distribution of pathogenic bacteria in ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in critically ill patients and its influencing factors. Methods The clinical data of 58 critically ill patients admitted to the hospital ICU were analyzed retrospectively. The incidence of VAP, major pathogenic bacteria and related risk factors were analyzed. Results A total of 36 pathogenic bacteria were found in 58 critically ill patients (41.4%). Among them, Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 58.3%, Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 25.0% and fungi accounted for 16.7%. VAP occurred with age, Diseases, disturbance of consciousness, duration of mechanical ventilation, tracheotomy, invasive procedures, use of antimicrobial agents and length of hospital stay were all associated (P <0.05). Conclusions There are many influencing factors of VAP in critically ill patients. To prevent early VAP in critically ill patients and strictly implement aseptic management can effectively reduce the incidence of VAP.