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为了解养殖场户选择病死猪无害化乃至资源化处理行为的制约因素,应对国家资源化利用病死猪的政策方针。本研究基于2013年4月—2014年8月对北京郊区养猪场户问卷调查获得的428份养殖场户有效调查数据,在运用Heckman probit选择模型处理样本选择性偏误的基础上实证分析养殖场户是否进行病死猪无害化处理和方式选择的影响因素。结果表明:绝大多数养殖场户能无害化处理病死猪,以简易无害化处理方式为主,其中获得病死猪无害化处理补贴、文化程度高、养殖年限长会促使养殖场户进行病死猪无害化处理;获得病死猪无害化处理补贴、养殖规模大、离居民点距离远、参加合作社会促使养殖场户选择资源化处理病死猪。为此,政府应通过完善病死猪无害化处理补贴、推进适度规模养殖、扶持合作社生态服务功能、吸引新型职业养殖场户加入、加大环境监管力度来规范养殖场户的病死猪无害化处理行为和提高资源化处理能力。
In order to understand the factors that restrict the innocuous and even resource-oriented behavior of pigs in selecting farms, it is necessary to deal with the policy of utilizing resources of dead pigs by the state. Based on the survey data of 428 farm farms collected from the questionnaire survey of pig farms in suburbs of Beijing from April 2013 to August 2014, this study empirically analyzed aquaculture based on Heckman probit selection model Farm households whether to carry out the harmless pig treatment and the way to influence the choice of factors. The results showed that the vast majority of farms could innocent treatment of dead pigs, with simple and harmless treatment methods, which get subsidized harmless pigs died of disease, a high degree of culture, breeding years will encourage farmers to carry out Sick pigs detoxification treatment; access to the dead pig harmless treatment subsidies, large-scale breeding, far from the residents, to participate in cooperative society to encourage farmers to choose resources to deal with dead pigs. To this end, the government should improve the harmless treatment subsidies for sick pigs, promote moderate-scale farming, support ecological service functions of cooperatives, attract new types of professional farmers to join, and increase environmental supervision to standardize the safety of pigs in sick farms Deal with behavior and improve resource handling capacity.