Based on observations on the core and surface sections of Lower Paleozoic carbonate in the Ordos Basin, petrography research and measurements of TOC, TOS , Ro, XRD, and comparative study with dolomite in modern Coorong Lake, it has been revealed that: (i)dolomitization may occur in micrite limestone, gypsum-halite and argillaceous sandstone, and it can be divided into three types: sedimentary penecontemporaneous-early diagenesis, late diagenesis of deep burial and catagenesis of uplift period. However, the crystal cell of the second type less than 35 μ m in size is most closely associated with gas pool; (ii) the highest content of organic matter (OM) is produced in samples from the argillic dolomite which may be formed by argillaceous fluid through gypsum-halite; (iii) in the evolution process from penecontemporaneous dolomite into stoichiometric dolomite, the crystal order of dolomite and the porosity of its host rock tend to increase, which is favorable to the formation of an available migration network. When the power of the fluid is high enough, the network is mainly favorable to the migration and transport of heat, but when the power of the fluid goes down, the network system is favorable, due to its large space, to OM deposition in it.