莱辛在他的美学著作《拉奥孔》中 ,探讨了艺术与现实生活的关系以及各门艺术的本质。这里 ,他把现实生活中的人以及他们的活动摆至首位。莱辛的理论是人本主义艺术理想与现实主义表现的汇合。在《汉堡剧评》中 ,莱辛通过市民意识的表现 ,希冀唤醒独立的民族意识 ,建立一种完全不同于新古典主义的 ,富有时代特色的市民戏剧理论和一般文学的现实主义理论 Lessing, in his aesthetic book Laocoon, Lessing explored the relationship between art and real life and the nature of each art. Here, he puts people in real life and their activities to the forefront. Lessing’s theory is the convergence of the ideal of humanistic art and the manifestation of realism. In “Hamburg Drama Criticism”, Lessing, through the performance of citizen’s consciousness, hoped to awaken the independent national consciousness and establish a completely different from the neoclassical, rich era of civic drama theory and general literature of realism theory