从圆锥体靠模仿形法加工非球面光学零件的基本原理出发,指出加工凸非球面时无原理误差,但加工凹非球面时,只能用圆弧包络法加工。用实心圆锥体靠模时,必然存在误差。解决方法是减小工具的曲率半径,或增加一维数控进行补偿,或使用空心圆锥体仿形。实际应用中前两种方法只能减小误差,不能消除。而采用凹模仿形时,则不存在原理误差。 Proceeding from the basic principle of cone-shaped profile machining of aspheric optical components, it is pointed out that there is no principle error in machining convex aspheric surface. However, when machining concave aspherical surface, only the arc envelope method can be used for machining. With a solid cone by the mold, there must be errors. The solution is to reduce the radius of curvature of the tool, add one-dimensional numerics to compensate, or use a hollow cone profile. Practical application of the first two methods can only reduce the error, can not be eliminated. The use of concave profile, there is no principle of error.