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目的调查热带气候对士兵的认知功能和军事训练成绩的影响。方法采用多项认知测验对驻热区的124名战士进行评价,并收集其射击训练成绩,与驻温区的100名战士进行比较。结果热区战士的平均反应时间(0.688±0.10)、最快反应时间(0.618±0.09)、最慢反应时间(0.785±0.19)与温区战士(0.602±0.08,0.541±0.08,0.682±0.11)比较明显延长,有显著统计学意义(平均反应时间t=6.92,最快反应时间t=6.94,最慢反应时间t=4.70,P均<0.01)。数字跨度测验成绩热区战士较温区战士降低〔15(12,16)对19(18,22),Z=9.91,P<0.01〕,其余认知测验成绩两组间比较未达到显著统计学意义。热区组的射击成绩较温区组低〔41(35,44)对43(37,46)〕,两组比较有显著统计学意义(Z=2.12,P<0.05)。结论热应激下,士兵的某些认知功能和射击成绩有部分下降。
Objective To investigate the impact of tropical climate on soldiers’ cognitive function and military training performance. Methods A number of cognitive tests were used to evaluate 124 soldiers in the thermal zone and collect their shooting training scores, compared with 100 soldiers in the temperate zone. Results The average response time (0.688 ± 0.10), the fastest response time (0.618 ± 0.09), the slowest response time (0.785 ± 0.19) and the temperature warrior (0.602 ± 0.08,0.541 ± 0.08,0.682 ± 0.11) (P <0.05). The average response time was 6.92, the fastest response time was 6.94, the slowest response time was 4.70, P <0.01). The results of numerical span test showed that the scores of hotspot soldiers were lower than those of warmblooded soldiers (15 (12,16) vs. 19 (18,22), Z = 9.91, P <0.01), and the scores of other cognitive tests did not reach significant statistical significance significance. The shooting scores of the hot zone group were lower than those in the warm zone group (41 (35,44) vs 43 (37,46)). There were significant differences between the two groups (Z = 2.12, P <0.05). Conclusion Under certain heat stress, some cognitive functions and firing scores of soldiers decreased partly.