目的报告北京市2014年学龄前流动儿童选择性补充免疫活动(Selective Supplementary Immunization Activities,S-SIA)质量和效果评价结果。方法选择2014年1月1日~3月21日报告了≥2例8月龄~14岁麻疹病例的14个街道,由第三方派出现场人员入户调查,并实时传输调查数据。市疾病预防控制中心专业人员通过网络和电话提供实时技术支持,并汇总评估结果。根据批质量保证抽样法,在14个街道通过多阶段抽样抽取学龄前流动儿童45名,核查其在北京市儿童预防接种信息管理系统(Beijing Children Immunization Information Management System,BCIIMS)在管状态、预防接种证和口服脊髓灰质炎减毒活疫苗第1~3剂、含麻疹成分疫苗(Measles-containing Vaccine,MCV)第1、2剂,及脑膜炎球菌多糖疫苗、无细胞百日咳-白喉-破伤风联合疫苗、乙型肝炎疫苗(Hepatitis B Vaccine,Hep B)、流行性乙型脑炎减毒活疫苗第1剂接种率。调查全程均严格质量控制,并收集过程和结果数据进行调查质量评价和数据分析。结果共调查21 347个家庭户,调查到630名适龄儿童,家庭户与适龄儿童数比为34∶1,高于被调查居委会总体的平均水平(14∶1)。14个街道中,各有1个街道建预防接种证率和Hep B第1剂接种率<90%的标准,10个街道的BCIIMS在管率<90%的标准。共有37名BCIIMS未在管儿童,其中23名(62.16%)为迁出儿童。调整分析权重和抽样设计后计算接种率,除MCV第2剂外,S-SIA前、后的14个街道适龄儿童总体其他疫苗剂次平均接种率均>98%。与S-SIA前相比,各疫苗剂次平均接种率的增幅为0.01%~1.55%。结论虽然学龄前流动儿童的BCIIMS在管率有待提高,但针对目标疫苗剂次的S-SIA效果不明显,其策略需调整以提高成本效益。 Objective To report the quality and effect evaluation of Selective Supplementary Immunization Activities (S-SIA) in preschool children in Beijing in 2014. Methods From January 1 to March 21, 2014, 14 cases of ≥2 measles cases aged from 8 months to 14 years were reported. A field survey was conducted by a third party and the survey data were transmitted in real time. CDC professionals provide real-time technical support over the internet and by phone and summarize the results. According to the batch quality assurance sampling method, 45 children of preschool aged children were sampled in 14 streets through multistage sampling to check their status in tube status and vaccination in Beijing Children Immunization Information Management System (BCIIMS) Syndrome and oral polio attenuated live vaccine 1 to 3 agents, measles-containing Vaccine (MCV) capsules 1 and 2, and meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine, acellular pertussis-diphtheria-tetanus combination Vaccines, Hepatitis B Vaccine (Hep B), First Inoculation Rate of Japanese Encephalitis Live Attenuated Vaccine. Surveys throughout the strict quality control, and the process of collecting data and results of survey quality evaluation and data analysis. Results A total of 21 347 households were investigated. 630 school-age children were surveyed. The ratio of households to school-age children was 34: 1, higher than the average level of the residents’ committees surveyed (14: 1). Among the 14 sub-districts, one sub-district has vaccination certificates and the first vaccination rate of Hep B <90%. BCIIMS of 10 sub-districts has a management rate of <90%. A total of 37 BCIIMS children were not in custody, of whom 23 (62.16%) were out of children. After adjusting the analysis weights and sampling design, the vaccination rates were calculated. The average doses of other vaccines of 14 street-aged children before and after S-SIA were> 98% except for MCV 2. Compared with the former S-SIA, the average dose of each vaccine dose increase of 0.01% to 1.55%. Conclusions Although the rate of BCIIMS in preschool-aged children needs to be improved, the effect of S-SIA on target vaccine doses is not obvious, and the strategy needs to be adjusted to improve cost-effectiveness.