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目的探讨大量输血前后患者血钾浓度的变化情况。方法选择2015年6月至2016年7月收治的非挤压伤接受大量输血治疗的患者39例为观察组。选择同期接受治疗的39例非挤压伤且未接受输血治疗的患者为对照组。比较两组患者术前、术毕、术后12 h的血钾浓度以及高钾血症发生情况。结果与观察组相比,对照组术前、术毕、术后12 h的血钾水平无明显变化,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组患者术后12 h高钾血症发生率为10.26%(4/39),对照组患者中术后12 h高钾血症发生率为5.13%(2/39),组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论高钾血症发生与大量输血无明显相关性,但经大量输血后部分患者的血钾浓度会有提高现象。故临床应密切观察和监测患者在输血时的血钾水平,对肾功能变化进行关注,避免血钾浓度因肾功能受损而升高,预防高钾血症的发生。
Objective To explore the change of serum potassium concentration before and after massive blood transfusion. Methods Thirty-nine patients undergoing non-crush injury receiving massive blood transfusion from June 2015 to July 2016 were selected as the observation group. The 39 patients who underwent non-crush injury and did not receive blood transfusion were selected as the control group. Preoperative, postoperative, 12 h postoperative serum potassium concentration and hyperkalemia were compared between the two groups. Results Compared with the observation group, the levels of serum potassium in the control group before surgery, at the end of surgery and 12 h after operation showed no significant difference (P> 0.05), and hyperkalemia occurred in the observation group at 12 h (10.26%, 4/39). The incidence of hyperkalemia in control group was 5.13% (2/39) at 12 hours after operation. There was no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05). Conclusion There is no significant correlation between hyperkalemia and massive blood transfusion. However, the blood potassium concentration of some patients may increase after a large amount of blood transfusion. Therefore, clinical observation and monitoring of patients should be closely monitored during blood transfusion potassium levels, changes in renal function concerns, to avoid potassium concentration due to impaired renal function and prevent hyperkalemia.