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目的运用扩散张量成像(DTI)研究儿童注意力缺陷多动障碍(PADHD)患者大脑额叶放射冠前区(ACR)的异常改变。资料与方法 11例PADHD患者和11名年龄、性别和智商匹配的健康者通过Philips 1.5 TIntera Achieva磁共振扫描仪行DTI,后处理获得部分各向异性指数(FA)和表观扩散系数(ADC)图。分别于5个额叶层面:前联合、前联合上6、12、18和24 mm的双侧ACR选取6个感兴趣区。比较两组不同层面感兴趣区的上述DTI参数值。结果单因素方差分析显示PADHD患者额叶不同层面上ACR的FA值和ADC值均未见明显统计学差异(P>0.05);与正常对照组相比,ACR的FA值(F=47.13,P<0.01)和ADC值(F=113.25,P<0.01)则明显不同。结论 DTI能够显示PADHD患者ACR异常。FA降低和ADC增高可能源于其结构和完整性的丧失。
Objective To investigate the anomalous changes of the prefrontal cortex (ACR) in frontal lobes of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (PADHD) using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). MATERIALS AND METHODS Eleven patients with PADHD and eleven age, sex and IQ matched healthy subjects were subjected to DTI on a Philips 1.5 TIntera Achieva magnetic resonance scanner to obtain partial anisotropy index (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) Figure Six regions of interest were selected from the bilateral prefrontal and anterior bilateral ACR of 6, 12, 18, and 24 mm in each of the five frontal levels. The DTI parameter values for the two regions of interest at different levels were compared. Results One-way analysis of variance showed no significant difference in FA values and ADC values of ACR at different levels in frontal lobe of PADHD patients (P> 0.05). Compared with the normal control group, FA values of ACR (F = 47.13, P <0.01) and ADC value (F = 113.25, P <0.01) were significantly different. Conclusion DTI can show abnormal ACR in PADHD patients. Lower FA and increased ADC may result from the loss of their structure and integrity.