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目的通过分析霍乱弧菌外环境水体、水产品监测的相关信息,为制定有效的霍乱疫情监测防控措施提供依据。方法依据《霍乱弧菌手册》[1](第五版)提供的方法,对外环境样本进行分离、鉴定,阳性株用KB法作药敏试验,PCR方法进行ctxA、tcpA毒力基因测定。结果在监测的105份外环境样本中,检出32株小川型霍乱弧菌,阳性率30.48%;阳性菌株均来自水产品及其养殖容器,水体样本中未检出。32株菌株对15种药物的敏感实验结果基本一致:对诺氟沙星等8种药物敏感,对复方新诺明等3种药物耐药,对强力霉素等4种药物中敏。32株分离菌株中经毒力检测有9株毒力基因阳性(5株毒力基因ctxA阳性,3株毒力基因tcpA阳性,1株毒力基因tcpA、ctxA均为阳性)。结论本次监测中水产品霍乱弧菌的污染情况严重,且来源于甲鱼的菌株ctxA毒力基因检出较高,提供了证实衡阳市因食用甲鱼引起霍乱疫情暴发的有力依据。应加强水产品市场管理,有针对性制定防控措施。
Objective To provide basis for the development of effective prevention and control measures for cholera epidemic by analyzing the information of environmental water and aquatic products monitoring of Vibrio cholerae. Methods According to the method provided by Vibrio cholerae Handbook [1] (fifth edition), the external environment samples were isolated and identified. The positive strains were susceptible to KB by drug susceptibility test. The ctxA and tcpA virulence genes were detected by PCR. Results Of the 105 environmental samples monitored, 32 strains of Vibrio cholera Ogawa were detected, the positive rate was 30.48%. The positive strains were all from aquatic products and their culture containers and were not detected in water samples. The sensitivity of 32 strains to 15 drugs was basically the same: sensitive to 8 kinds of drugs such as norfloxacin, 3 kinds of drugs such as cotrimoxazole, 4 kinds of drugs such as doxycycline. Among the 32 isolates, 9 virulence genes were positive (5 virulence genes ctxA positive, 3 virulence genes tcpA positive and 1 virulence genes tcpA and ctxA positive). Conclusion The contamination of aquatic Vibrio cholerae in this monitoring is serious, and the higher virulence gene of ctxA from the turtle strain is detected, which provides a powerful evidence to confirm the outbreak of cholera in Hengyang City due to the consumption of turtle. Should strengthen the management of aquatic products market, targeted prevention and control measures.