The core of translational medicine means that the effective relationship between science researchers of basic medicine and clinical doctors makes basic medicine research transform into diagnosis, prevention and treatment of diseases to compensate for the wide gap between basic and clinical application. Translational medicine was introduced into traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) study, and evidence-based medicine capable of improving the accuracy and reliability of TCM clinical research transforming into basic research and systems biology capable of enhancing the systematicness and integrality of basic research to make it transform into clinical application better were as major technical support, hence, the application of evidence-based medicine and systems biology mediated by translational medicine in TCM will have far-reaching signiifcance for the development of TCM modernization. In this article, the application of evidence-based medicine and systems biology mediated by translational medicine in TCM study is illustrated in terms of TCM in the prevention and treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its clinical and basic bidirectional transformation, literature mining, translational medicine platform and team building.