目的了解广州市儿童维生素D水平及其与甲状旁腺素(PTH)的关系,为减少儿童维生素D缺乏性疾病的发生和改善儿童骨骼健康提供科学依据。方法采用横断面研究,对2015年广州市某妇幼保健院健康体检的976名儿童进行体格检查,采集空腹静脉血,用化学发光法检测血清25-羟维生素D[25(OH)D]和甲状滂腺素(PTH)。结果儿童血清25(OH)D平均水平为(90.67±36.55)nmol/L,其中男童为(90.14±34.89)nmol/L,女童为(91.33±38.58)nmol/L,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。维生素D缺乏率及不足率分别为11.37%和25.31%,性别间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同年龄儿童血清25(OH)D水平差异有统计学意义(F=55.547,P<0.05),血清25(OH)D水平随年龄增长呈下降趋势。不同年龄儿童维生素D营养状况差异有统计学意义(χ2=87.352,P<0.05),维生素D缺乏率及不足率随年龄增长而升高(χ2趋势=68.909,P<0.05)。儿童血清PTH平均水平为(2.38±1.29)pmol/L,维生素D缺乏及不足儿童血清PTH水平均高于维生素D充足儿童,差异有统计学意义(F=10.427,P<0.05)。血清25(OH)D水平与PTH呈负相关(r=-0.149,P=0.000)。结论广州市0~16岁儿童维生素D缺乏率及不足率较高,年长儿童维生素D营养状况较年幼儿童差,血清25(OH)D与PTH水平呈负相关。应采取合理措施改善儿童维生素D的营养状况。 Objective To understand the relationship between vitamin D levels and parathyroid hormone (PTH) in children in Guangzhou and provide a scientific basis for reducing the occurrence of vitamin D deficiency and improving the health of children. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 976 children undergoing physical examination in a maternal and child health center in Guangzhou in 2015. Fasting venous blood was collected and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25 (OH) D] and thyroid Porphyrin (PTH). Results The average level of serum 25 (OH) D in children was (90.67 ± 36.55) nmol / L, with (90.14 ± 34.89) nmol / L in boys and 91.33 ± 38.58 nmol / L in girls, with no significant difference P> 0.05). The rates of vitamin D deficiency and deficiency were 11.37% and 25.31% respectively, with no significant difference between genders (P> 0.05). The levels of serum 25 (OH) D in children of different ages had statistical significance (F = 55.547, P <0.05), and the serum 25 (OH) D levels decreased with age. The nutritional status of vitamin D in children of different ages had statistical significance (χ2 = 87.352, P <0.05). The vitamin D deficiency rate and insufficiency rate increased with age (χ2 trend = 68.909, P <0.05). The average level of PTH in children was (2.38 ± 1.29) pmol / L, and the levels of serum PTH in children with vitamin D deficiency and those in children with deficiency of vitamin D were significantly higher than those in children with vitamin D, the difference was statistically significant (F = 10.427, P <0.05). Serum 25 (OH) D levels were negatively correlated with PTH (r = -0.149, P = 0.000). Conclusion The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and deficiency in children aged 0-16 years in Guangzhou is relatively high. The nutritional status of vitamin D in elderly children is worse than that of young children, and the serum 25 (OH) D is negatively correlated with the level of PTH. Reasonable measures should be taken to improve the nutritional status of children with vitamin D.