在地震灾害中,建构筑物的破坏与倒塌,是造成人员伤亡和财产损失的主要原因。因此,要防御和减轻地震灾害损失,最根本的办法是要以地震区的建设工程采取切实有效的防震措施。 在通常情况下,建设工程从选址到使用寿期内的防震措施可分为二个阶段:抗震设计,保证施工质量与合理的维护保养。其中,抗震设计是至关重的龙头环节。抗震设计要遵从一定的标 In earthquake disasters, the destruction and collapse of structures are the main causes of human casualties and property losses. Therefore, to prevent and mitigate the damage caused by earthquakes, the most fundamental solution is to take effective anti-seismic measures in the construction of the earthquake zone. Under normal circumstances, the construction project from the site to the anti-vibration measures can be divided into two phases: seismic design, construction quality assurance and reasonable maintenance. Among them, the seismic design is the crucial link. Seismic design to comply with certain standards