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一、我国企业集团发展的原因与模式企业集团是企业为谋求自身生存、发展,通过合资、合并、参股、联营等方式形成的企业联合体。作为一种经济范畴,企业集团具有如下特征:1.企业集团的出现,是企业受商品竞争机制的引导,在追求利润最大化的前提下所进行的自然组合。因此,企业集团所产生的效益是以往单个企业无法相比的。2.集团的核心企业以较少的资本推动着更大资本的共同运动,开拓市场,不断扩大和提高商品的市场占有率,从而提高竞争能力。3.企业集团具有适应市场环境变化所要求的组织弹性。4.企业集团内部的经营方式是多元化的,有契约股份式,企业合并式等各种方式。因此,在经营结构上呈现出纵向经营系列化和横向经营多角化的趋势。
I. Reasons and Models for the Development of China’s Enterprise Groups Enterprise groups are enterprise consortia formed by companies seeking their own survival and development through joint ventures, mergers, equity participation, and joint ventures. As an economic category, an enterprise group has the following characteristics: 1. The emergence of enterprise groups is a natural combination of enterprises guided by commodity competition mechanisms and pursuing profit maximization. Therefore, the benefits generated by the enterprise groups cannot be compared by the single companies in the past. 2. The group’s core companies use less capital to promote the common movement of more capital, expand the market, and continuously expand and increase the market share of the commodities, thereby enhancing the competitiveness. 3. The corporate group has the organizational flexibility required to adapt to changing market conditions. 4. The internal business model of the enterprise group is diversified, including contractual stock-style, enterprise-integrated and other methods. Therefore, there is a trend of serialization of vertical operations and diversification of horizontal operations in the management structure.