一般认为,最早的期刊杂志是1 660年创办于巴黎的《学者杂志》和伦敦皇家学会的《哲学学报》。期刊的出现既是近代欧洲三大文化运动(文艺复兴、科学运动、启蒙运动)的结果,也是文化运动重要的推动因素,并直接导致了近代知识机构和知识分子群体身份的形成。在近代人类文化史上,期刊扮演着非常重要的角色:比如创刊于1880年的《科学》杂志和《自然》杂志被誉为世界两大顶级科学杂志,代表了人类自然科学研 It is generally believed that the earliest periodical magazines were the Scholar Journal founded in Paris in 1960 and the Philosophical Journal of the Royal Society of London. The appearance of journals is not only the result of the three major cultural movements in Europe in modern times (Renaissance, Science Movement and Enlightenment), but also an important driving force for the cultural movement and a direct result of the formation of modern knowledge institutions and groups of intellectuals. In modern history of human culture, journals play a very important role: For example, the first published in 1880, “Science” magazine and “Nature” magazine known as the world’s two top science magazines, representing the human natural sciences