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[目的]探讨适合新疆野生山楂花粉萌发的培养基配方,以及较适的花粉贮藏温度。[方法]在离体培养条件下,采用随机区组设计筛选适合花粉萌发的蔗糖和硼酸浓度;将野生山楂花粉置于不同温度下贮藏6个月,期间采用筛选出的最适培养基对花粉活力进行测定,每10 d测定一次。[结果]阿尔泰山楂、红果山楂、准噶尔山楂花粉萌发的较适培养基配方分别为:1%琼脂+0.05%硼酸+15%蔗糖,1%琼脂+0.01%硼酸+15%蔗糖,1%琼脂+0.01%硼酸+20%蔗糖,三者在各自较适培养基上的花粉萌发率分别为30.8%、58.7%、67.2%,且分别极显著高于其它处理。不同贮藏温度条件处理下,阿尔泰山楂、红果山楂、准噶尔山楂花粉在室温条件下分别保存至40、60和70d时完全失去活力;4~5℃条件下,可分别贮藏至90、130和140 d时完全失去活力;-18℃条件下,可分别贮藏至130、160和170 d时方完全失去活力。[结论]一定浓度的蔗糖、硼酸对野生山楂花粉萌发有促进作用;不同贮藏温度下,三种野生山楂的花粉活力保持时间由长到短均为:-18℃﹥4~5℃﹥室温。
[Objective] The research aimed to discuss the medium formula suitable for the germination of pollen of wild hawthorn in Xinjiang and the suitable pollen storage temperature. [Method] Under the condition of in vitro culture, randomized block design was used to screen the sucrose and boric acid for pollen germination. The wild hawthorn pollen was stored at different temperatures for 6 months. The optimum medium was selected for pollen Vitality was measured every 10 d. [Result] The suitable medium formulas for pollen germination of Altai hawthorn, red fruit hawthorn and Junggar hawthorn were 1% agar + 0.05% boric acid + 15% sucrose, 1% agar + 0.01% boric acid + 15% sucrose, 0.01% boric acid + 20% sucrose, the pollen germination rate of the three mediums were 30.8%, 58.7% and 67.2%, respectively, and were significantly higher than other treatments. Under the different storage temperature conditions, Altai hawthorn, red hawthorn and Junggar hawthorn pollen completely lost their vitality after being stored at room temperature for 40, 60 and 70 days, respectively; at 4 ~ 5 ℃, they could be stored for 90, 130 and 140 d Completely lost vitality; at -18 ℃, respectively, can be stored until 130,160 and 170 d completely lost their vitality. [Conclusion] A certain concentration of sucrose and boric acid could promote pollen germination of wild hawthorn. The pollen viability of three species of wild hawthorn at different storage temperatures ranged from -18 ℃ to 4 ~ 5 ℃> room temperature.