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选取中国31个省级行政区1999~2014年的面板数据,运用Frontier4.1软件测算了我国各省区历年工业用水效率值,还通过聚类分析方法将各省区分为高效率组、中效率组、低效率组进行工业用水效率差异分析,接着选择自然资源、经济水平、工业发展、工业结构、用水结构和政府影响这6个因素,构建Tobit回归模型对这6个驱动因素分全国、高、中、低效率组样本分别对工业用水效率的影响进行实证分析。研究结论如下:我国工业用水效率平均值呈现逐年上升的趋势;东、中、西部地区的工业用水效率值差异较为明显;工业用水效率整体分布从东南向西北逐渐递减的趋势;我国各省区的工业用水效率处于一种较快的增长趋势且地区间的工业用水效率差距在不断缩小;人均水资源量与工业用水效率呈负相关关系;经济水平驱动因素和工业发展驱动因素都与工业用水效率存在很强的正相关关系;合理的工业结构可以显著提高工业用水效率;政府作为对于工业用水效率的提高也是至关重要的。
Panel data of 31 provinces in China from 1999 to 2014 were selected. Frontier4.1 software was used to calculate the annual industrial water use efficiency of all provinces and autonomous regions in China. Clusters were also used to divide the provinces into high efficiency group, medium efficiency group, low efficiency group, Efficiency group to analyze the differences of industrial water efficiency, and then choose six factors of natural resources, economic level, industrial development, industrial structure, water use structure and government influence, construct Tobit regression model, and divide the six drivers into four parts: national, The low-efficiency group samples respectively empirically analyzed the impact of industrial water efficiency. The conclusions are as follows: The average value of industrial water use efficiency in our country shows an upward trend year by year; the difference of industrial water use efficiency values in the eastern, central and western regions is more obvious; the overall distribution of industrial water use efficiency gradually decreases from southeast to northwest; Water use efficiency is in a fast growing trend and the industrial water efficiency gap between regions is shrinking constantly. The per capita water resource quantity is negatively correlated with the industrial water use efficiency. Both economic level drivers and industrial development drivers are related to the industrial water use efficiency Strong positive correlation; rational industrial structure can significantly improve the efficiency of industrial water use; the government is also crucial for the improvement of industrial water efficiency.