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目的:探讨广场舞蹈运动对老年人认知功能的影响。方法:选取2011年5月-2012年12月参与本研究的老年人125例,随机分为观察组65例及对照组60例。对两组于干预前、接受运动锻炼后6、9、12个月的时间点进行P300测试,并对两组SECF认知量表进行比较。结果:运动干预9、12个月后,与对照组比较,观察组P2、N2、P3潜伏期及反应时间明显缩短(潜伏期P2:t=2.729、3.105,N2:t=2.608、3.007,P3:t=2.811、3.226,反应时间:t=2.482、3.330,P均<0.05),波幅明显升高(波幅P2:t=2.529、3.207,N2:t=2.550、3.323,P3:t=2.610、3.365,P均<0.05)。与干预前比较,运动干预6、9、12个月后观察组P2、N2、P3潜伏期及反应时间均明显缩短(潜伏期P2:t=2.230、2.428、3.220,N2:t=2.311、2.457、3.728,P3:t=2.425、2.518、3.125,反应时间:t=2.138、2.320、3.558,P均<0.05),波幅出现明显升高(波幅P2:t=2.236、2.453、3.116,N2:t=2.135、2.356、3.267,P3:t=2.318、2.470、3.663,P均<0.05)。观察组干预6个月后,SECF认知量表得分显著升高,干预12个月后SECF认知量表得分最高,与干预前比较,差异有统计学意义(t=2.308、2.467,P<0.05)。结论:广场舞蹈运动能改善老年人认知功能,值得在广大老年人中推广应用。
Objective: To explore the influence of square dance on the cognitive function of the elderly. Methods: A total of 125 elderly patients from May 2011 to December 2012 were randomly divided into observation group (65 cases) and control group (60 cases). Before the intervention, the P300 test was performed at 6, 9, and 12 months after exercise, and the two groups of SECF cognitive scales were compared. Results: Compared with the control group, the latency and reaction time of P2, N2 and P3 in the observation group were significantly shortened at 9 and 12 months after exercise (latency P2: t = 2.729 and 3.105, N2: t = 2.608 and 3.007, P3: t = 2.811,3.226, reaction time: t = 2.482,3.330, P <0.05), the amplitude was significantly increased (amplitude P2: t = 2.529,3.207, N2: t = 2.550,3.323, P3: t = 2.610,3.365, P <0.05). Compared with pre-intervention, the latency and reaction time of P2, N2 and P3 in observation group were significantly shortened (P <0.05) at 6, 9 and 12 months after exercise intervention , P3: t = 2.425,2.518,3.125, reaction time: t = 2.138,2.320,3.558, P <0.05) and the amplitude was significantly increased (amplitude P2: t = 2.236,2.453,3.116, N2: t = 2.135 , 2.356,3.267, P3: t = 2.318,2.470,3.663, P <0.05). After 6 months of intervention, the score of SECF Cognitive Scale was significantly increased, and the score of SECF Cognitive Scale was the highest at 12 months after intervention. The difference was statistically significant (t = 2.308,2.467, P < 0.05). Conclusion: The square dance movement can improve the cognitive function of the elderly, it is worth to promote the application in the majority of the elderly.