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目的了解2011年-2015年脑脊液培养阳性患者脑脊液分离革兰阳性菌的种类分布及其耐药性情况。方法收集2011年-2015年首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院送检脑脊液培养阳性患者的革兰阳性菌种类分布及其药敏试验结果。结果 2011年-2015年脑脊液培养阳性分离株共2 033株,其中革兰阳性菌共1 284株,占63.2%,主要包括表皮葡萄球菌492株(24.2%)、金黄色葡萄球菌138株(6.8%)等。革兰阳性菌占比由2011年的75.8%下降至2015年的61.2%;以表皮葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌为代表的革兰阳性菌对青霉素类抗生素敏感率最低(平均<20%),对万古霉素、替考拉宁敏感率最高(平均>90%)。结论 2011年-2015年本院患者脑脊液培养阳性以革兰阳性菌多见,但呈下降的趋势;对于抗生素的敏感率整体较好。本研究可为颅内感染的预防和经验性用药治疗提供基本数据资料。
Objective To understand the species distribution and drug resistance of Gram-positive bacteria isolated from cerebrospinal fluid in cerebrospinal fluid-positive patients from 2011 to 2015. Methods The distribution of Gram-positive bacteria in patients with positive cultures of cerebrospinal fluid in Beijing Tiantan Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University from 2011 to 2015 were collected and their susceptibility testing results were collected. Results A total of 2 033 positive isolates of cerebrospinal fluid were obtained from 2011 to 2015, of which 1 284 were Gram-positive bacteria, accounting for 63.2%, including 492 Staphylococcus epidermidis (24.2%), 138 Staphylococcus aureus (6.8 %)Wait. Gram-positive bacteria dropped from 75.8% in 2011 to 61.2% in 2015. Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus were the least susceptible to penicillin antibiotics (average, <20%), For vancomycin, teicoplanin has the highest sensitivity (> 90% on average). CONCLUSIONS: Gram-positive bacteria are more common in cerebrospinal fluid of patients in our hospital from 2011 to 2015, but show a decreasing trend. The sensitivity to antibiotics is better overall. This study can provide basic data for the prevention and treatment of intracranial infection.