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利用正交试验法研究了搅拌摩擦焊工艺参数对20mm厚的5A06-H112铝合金板接头组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:焊接速度对接头抗拉强度影响最大,而搅拌头轴肩直径和旋转速度依次减小;采用最优组合参数焊接的试样其抗拉强度可达365MPa;由于搅拌摩擦焊焊缝中前进侧的熔合过渡区的界面变化急剧,因此断裂往往发生在该熔合过渡区;随着退火温度升高,焊核原本细小的等轴晶粒开始长大,并伴随着β(Mg2Al3)相从α(Al)基体中析出,虽然焊核的晶粒变得粗大,但焊缝的抗拉强度降低的幅度较小。
The effects of friction stir welding parameters on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 5A06-H112 aluminum alloy plate with 20mm thickness were studied by orthogonal test. The results show that the welding speed has the greatest influence on the tensile strength of the joint, while the diameter and rotational speed of the shoulder of the mixing head decrease in turn. The tensile strength of the welded specimens with the optimal combination parameters can reach 365MPa. As the annealing temperature increases, the fine equiaxed grains in the weld nuclei begin to grow and accompany with the evolution of β (Mg2Al3) phase from α (Al) matrix precipitates, although the weld core nuclei become coarse, but the tensile strength of the weld to reduce the magnitude of the smaller.